Bad Kissingen'deki bir termal tesis

Termal tesisler, daha çok sıcak ve soğuk mineral sularının bir arada bulunduğu, sağlık, tedavi, balneoterapi ve dinlenme amaçlı tesislerin de yer aldığı komplekslerdir. Mineral spa ve mineral kaynağı üzerine kurulu bir tatil beldesidir. Türkiye'de Yalova Termal Tesisleri, Adıge Cumhuriyeti'nde bunun gibi 4 ünlü termal tesis vardır. AC'nde 1980 yılından beri ara verilmiş olan mineral su araştırmalarının 2008 yılında yeniden başlatılması gündemdedir.

Spa terimi, soğuk su veya mineral su tedavileri ve jeotermal banyoları da içerebilen hidroterapi hizmeti sunan kasaba veya tatil köyleri için kullanılır ve Spa, Belçika kasabasından gelir.

Ülkelere göre termal tesisler

Arjantin

Avustralia

Belçika

Bosniya

The Slatina Spa

Brezilya

Bulgaristan

Image Town Province Temperature and output
Balchik (Tuzlata) Dobrich Province 43°25′K 28°10′D / 43.417°K 28.167°D / 43.417; 28.167 33 °C; 20 L/s
Banite Smolyan Province 41°37′K 25°01′D / 41.617°K 25.017°D / 41.617; 25.017
Banya, Blagoevgrad Province Blagoevgrad Province 41°53′K 23°32′D / 41.883°K 23.533°D / 41.883; 23.533 70 springs; 28-58 °C
Banya, Pazardzhik Province Pazardzhik Province 42°28′K 24°08′D / 42.467°K 24.133°D / 42.467; 24.133 38-42 °C; 20 L/s
Banya, Plovdiv Province Plovdiv Province 42°33′K 24°50′D / 42.550°K 24.833°D / 42.550; 24.833 35-46 °C; 30 L/s
Beden Smolyan Province 41°43′K 24°29′D / 41.717°K 24.483°D / 41.717; 24.483 76 °C; 12 L/s
Belchinski Bani Sofia Province 42°21′K 23°23′D / 42.350°K 23.383°D / 42.350; 23.383 37-39 °C
Burgas (Burgaski Mineralni Bani) Burgas Province 42°30′K 27°28′D / 42.500°K 27.467°D / 42.500; 27.467 41 °C; 36 L/s
Bankya Sofia City 42°42′K 23°08′D / 42.700°K 23.133°D / 42.700; 23.133 36.5-37 °C; 24 L/s
Chiflik Lovech Province 42°55′K 24°40′D / 42.917°K 24.667°D / 42.917; 24.667 1 spring; 51 °C; 33 L/s
Devin Smolyan Province 41°44′K 24°24′D / 41.733°K 24.400°D / 41.733; 24.400 37-44 °C; 83 L/s
Dobrinishte Blagoevgrad Province 41°49′K 23°24′D / 41.817°K 23.400°D / 41.817; 23.400 17 springs; 30-43 °C
Dolna Banya Sofia Province 42°17′K 23°46′D / 42.283°K 23.767°D / 42.283; 23.767 2 springs; 26 °C and 62-65 °C; 25 L/s
Gotse Delchev Blagoevgrad Province 41°34′K 23°44′D / 41.567°K 23.733°D / 41.567; 23.733 10 springs; 22 °C
Eleshnitsa Blagoevgrad Province
Hisarya Plovdiv Province 42°30′K 24°42′D / 42.500°K 24.700°D / 42.500; 24.700 22 springs; 14-52°С; 46 L/s
Kostenets Sofia Province 42°18′K 23°52′D / 42.300°K 23.867°D / 42.300; 23.867 47-73 °C
Kostenets (village) Sofia Province 42°16′K 23°49′D / 42.267°K 23.817°D / 42.267; 23.817 46 °C; 15 L/s
Kyustendil Kyustendil Province 42°17′K 22°41′D / 42.283°K 22.683°D / 42.283; 22.683 71.5-73 °C; 33 L/s
Marikostinovo Blagoevgrad Province 41°26′K 23°21′D / 41.433°K 23.350°D / 41.433; 23.350 63 °C; 20 L/s
Merichleri Haskovo Province 42°08′K 25°30′D / 42.133°K 25.500°D / 42.133; 25.500 1 spring; 45 °С
Mihalkovo Plovdiv Province 41°51′K 24°26′D / 41.850°K 24.433°D / 41.850; 24.433
Mineralni Bani Haskovo Province 41°56′K 25°21′D / 41.933°K 25.350°D / 41.933; 25.350 15 springs; 54-56 °C; 36 L/s
Momin Prohod Sofia Province 42°20′K 23°52′D / 42.333°K 23.867°D / 42.333; 23.867 9 springs; 56 °C
Narechenski Bani Plovdiv Province 41°55′K 24°46′D / 41.917°K 24.767°D / 41.917; 24.767 21.5-33 °С
Ognyanovo Blagoevgrad Province 41°37′K 23°48′D / 41.617°K 23.800°D / 41.617; 23.800 30 springs; 39-43 °C; 70 L/s
Ovcha kupel (in Sofia) Sofia City 42°41′K 23°15′D / 42.683°K 23.250°D / 42.683; 23.250 32 °C; 8 L/s
Pancharevo Sofia City 42°35′K 23°24′D / 42.583°K 23.400°D / 42.583; 23.400 48 °C; 12 L/s
Pavel Banya Stara Zagora Province 42°36′K 25°12′D / 42.600°K 25.200°D / 42.600; 25.200 7 springs; 50-61°С; 16 L/s
Pchelin Sofia Province 42°20′48.67″K 23°48′23.18″D / 42.3468528°K 23.8064389°D / 42.3468528; 23.8064389 73°С; 13 L/s
Rupite Blagoevgrad Province 41°26′K 23°15′D / 41.433°K 23.250°D / 41.433; 23.250 holly spring;76 °C; 35 L/s
Saints Constantine and Helena Varna Province 43°14′K 28°01′D / 43.233°K 28.017°D / 43.233; 28.017
Sandanski Blagoevgrad Province 41°34′K 23°17′D / 41.567°K 23.283°D / 41.567; 23.283 20 springs; 41-83°С; 21 L/s
Sapareva Banya Kyustendil Province 42°17′K 23°16′D / 42.283°K 23.267°D / 42.283; 23.267 103 °С
Shipkovo Lovech Province 42°53′K 24°33′D / 42.883°K 24.550°D / 42.883; 24.550 18-38 °C; 10 L/s
Slivenski Mineralni Bani Sliven Province 42°41′K 26°20′D / 42.683°K 26.333°D / 42.683; 26.333 48 °C; 17 L/s
Sofya Sofia City 42°42′K 23°20′D / 42.700°K 23.333°D / 42.700; 23.333
Starozagorski Bani Stara Zagora Province 42°27′K 25°30′D / 42.450°K 25.500°D / 42.450; 25.500 42 °C; 20 L/s
Stefan Karadzhovo Yambol Province 42°13′K 26°50′D / 42.217°K 26.833°D / 42.217; 26.833 21 °C; 13 L/s
Strelcha Pazardzhik Province 42°30′K 24°19′D / 42.500°K 24.317°D / 42.500; 24.317 36-56 °C; 18 L/s
Sunny Beach Burgas Province 42°42′K 27°42′D / 42.700°K 27.700°D / 42.700; 27.700 28-34 °C; 4.6 L/s
Varshets Montana Province 43°11′K 23°17′D / 43.183°K 23.283°D / 43.183; 23.283 36.4-38 °C; 15 L/s
Varvara Pazardzhik Province 42°09′K 24°08′D / 42.150°K 24.133°D / 42.150; 24.133 15 springs; 92 °C
Velingrad Pazardzhik Province 42°01′K 24°00′D / 42.017°K 24.000°D / 42.017; 24.000 80 springs; 28-96 °C; 170 L/s
Voneshta Voda Veliko Tarnovo Province 42°52′K 25°39′D / 42.867°K 25.650°D / 42.867; 25.650
Zheleznitsa Sofia Province

Kanada

Hırvatistan

Çek

Finlanda

Fransa

Gürcistan

Almanya

Binz on Rugia Island, Germany

Yunanistan

Macaristan

Ana madde: List of spa towns in Hungary

Hindistan

Endonezya

Italya

Emilia Romagna

Umbria

Abruzzo

Kazakistan

Lüksemburg

Litvanya

Gollanda

Yeni Zelanda

Polonya

Image Town or village Voivodeship Coordinates Notes Refs
Augustów Podlaskie 53°51′K 22°58′D / 53.850°K 22.967°D / 53.850; 22.967
Busko-Zdrój Świętokrzyskie 50°28′K 20°43′D / 50.467°K 20.717°D / 50.467; 20.717
Ciechocinek Kuyavian-Pomeranian 52°52′0″K 18°48′0″D / 52.86667°K 18.80000°D / 52.86667; 18.80000
Cieplice Śląskie-Zdrój
(a former town, now a district of Jelenia Góra) 		Lower Silesian 50°54′12″K 15°44′4″D / 50.90333°K 15.73444°D / 50.90333; 15.73444
Czerniawa-Zdrój
(a former village, now a district of Świeradów-Zdrój) 		Lower Silesian 50°54′K 15°18′D / 50.900°K 15.300°D / 50.900; 15.300
Dąbki West Pomeranian 54°22′52″K 16°18′59″D / 54.38111°K 16.31639°D / 54.38111; 16.31639
Długopole-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°14′52″K 16°37′52″D / 50.24778°K 16.63111°D / 50.24778; 16.63111
Duszniki-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°24′K 16°23′D / 50.400°K 16.383°D / 50.400; 16.383
Gołdap Warmian-Masurian 54°18′58″K 22°18′34″D / 54.31611°K 22.30944°D / 54.31611; 22.30944
Goczałkowice-Zdrój Silesian 49°56′K 18°58′D / 49.933°K 18.967°D / 49.933; 18.967
Horyniec-Zdrój Subcarpathian 50°11′26″K 23°21′43″D / 50.19056°K 23.36194°D / 50.19056; 23.36194
Inowrocław Kuyavian-Pomeranian 52°48′K 18°16′D / 52.800°K 18.267°D / 52.800; 18.267
Iwonicz-Zdrój Subcarpathian 49°34′24″K 21°47′37″D / 49.57333°K 21.79361°D / 49.57333; 21.79361
Jastrzębie-Zdrój Silesian 49°57′K 18°35′D / 49.950°K 18.583°D / 49.950; 18.583
Jedlina-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°43′K 16°20′D / 50.717°K 16.333°D / 50.717; 16.333
Kamień Pomorski West Pomeranian 53°58′K 14°46′D / 53.967°K 14.767°D / 53.967; 14.767
Kołobrzeg West Pomeranian 54°11′K 15°35′D / 54.183°K 15.583°D / 54.183; 15.583
Konstancin-Jeziorna Masovian 52°05′K 21°07′D / 52.083°K 21.117°D / 52.083; 21.117
Krasnobród Lublin 50°32′41″K 23°13′5″D / 50.54472°K 23.21806°D / 50.54472; 23.21806
Krynica-Zdrój Lesser Poland 49°26′K 20°58′D / 49.433°K 20.967°D / 49.433; 20.967
Kudowa-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°26′K 16°14′D / 50.433°K 16.233°D / 50.433; 16.233
Lądek-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°20′37″K 16°52′47″D / 50.34361°K 16.87972°D / 50.34361; 16.87972
Międzyzdroje West Pomeranian 53°56′K 14°27′D / 53.933°K 14.450°D / 53.933; 14.450
Muszyna Lesser Poland 49°21′30″K 20°54′00″D / 49.35833°K 20.90000°D / 49.35833; 20.90000
Nałęczów Lublin 51°17′10″K 22°13′00″D / 51.28611°K 22.21667°D / 51.28611; 22.21667
Piwniczna-Zdrój Lesser Poland 49°26′7″K 20°42′41″D / 49.43528°K 20.71139°D / 49.43528; 20.71139
Polanica-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°24′K 16°31′D / 50.400°K 16.517°D / 50.400; 16.517
Polańczyk Subcarpathian 49°22′10″K 22°25′11″D / 49.36944°K 22.41972°D / 49.36944; 22.41972
Połczyn-Zdrój West Pomeranian 53°46′K 16°06′D / 53.767°K 16.100°D / 53.767; 16.100
Przerzeczyn-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°41′K 16°49′D / 50.683°K 16.817°D / 50.683; 16.817
Rabka-Zdrój Lesser Poland 49°36′30″K 19°58′0″D / 49.60833°K 19.96667°D / 49.60833; 19.96667
Rymanów-Zdrój Subcarpathian 49°33′K 21°51′D / 49.550°K 21.850°D / 49.550; 21.850
Solec-Zdrój Świętokrzyskie 50°21′59″K 20°53′13″D / 50.36639°K 20.88694°D / 50.36639; 20.88694
Solina Subcarpathian 49°23′K 22°28′D / 49.383°K 22.467°D / 49.383; 22.467
Sopot Pomeranian 54°27′K 18°34′D / 54.450°K 18.567°D / 54.450; 18.567
Supraśl Podlaskie 53°12′40″K 23°20′15″D / 53.21111°K 23.33750°D / 53.21111; 23.33750
Szczawnica Lesser Poland 49°25′30″K 20°29′00″D / 49.42500°K 20.48333°D / 49.42500; 20.48333
Szczawno-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°47′58″K 16°15′18″D / 50.79944°K 16.25500°D / 50.79944; 16.25500
Świeradów-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°54′K 15°20′D / 50.900°K 15.333°D / 50.900; 15.333
Świnoujście West Pomeranian 53°55′K 14°15′D / 53.917°K 14.250°D / 53.917; 14.250
Uniejów Łódź 51°58′12″K 18°48′1″D / 51.97000°K 18.80028°D / 51.97000; 18.80028
Ustka Pomeranian 54°35′K 16°51′D / 54.583°K 16.850°D / 54.583; 16.850
Ustroń Silesian 49°43′9.82″K 18°48′43″D / 49.7193944°K 18.81194°D / 49.7193944; 18.81194
Wapienne Lesser Poland 49°37′31″K 21°17′11″D / 49.62528°K 21.28639°D / 49.62528; 21.28639
Wieliczka Lesser Poland 49°59′K 20°04′D / 49.983°K 20.067°D / 49.983; 20.067
Wieniec-Zdrój Kuyavian-Pomeranian 52°39′24″K 18°59′18″D / 52.65667°K 18.98833°D / 52.65667; 18.98833
Wysowa-Zdrój Lesser Poland 49°26′K 21°11′D / 49.433°K 21.183°D / 49.433; 21.183
Zakopane Lesser Poland 49°18′K 19°58′D / 49.300°K 19.967°D / 49.300; 19.967
Żegiestów Lesser Poland 49°23′K 20°48′D / 49.383°K 20.800°D / 49.383; 20.800

Portekiz

Romanya

Sırbistan

Slovakia

Slovenia

Güney Africa

Güney Kore (한국, 남한)

İspanya

Isvrç

Isviçre

Taiwan

Tunus

Turkiye

Ukraine

Birleşik Krallık

BDT

ABD

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Burns, D. Thorburn (1981). "Thomas Guidott (1638–1705): Physician and Chymist, contributor to the analysis of mineral waters". Analytical Proceedings. 18 (1): 2-6. doi:10.1039/AP9811800002. 
  2. ^ "Healing Waters; Investigative Files (Skeptical Briefs June 2005)". 24 Ekim 2007 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 3 Şubat 2008. 
  3. ^ "VICTORIAN MINERAL SPRINGS: STRATEGIC MASTERPLAN 2015-2024". Victorian Mineral Water Committee. s. 3. 7 Mayıs 2025 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 22 Haziran 2025. 
  4. ^ "Augustów". 28 Ağustos 2008 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 17 Haziran 2011. 
  5. ^ a b c d e Kepinska, Beata (March 2002). "Thermal springs and spas in Poland" (PDF). Polish Academy of Sciences Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute Geothermal Laboratory. 24 Temmuz 2011 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi (PDF). Erişim tarihi: 17 Haziran 2011. 
  6. ^ Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 22 listopada 2017 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Ciechocinek - zespół tężni i warzelni soli wraz z parkami Tężniowym i Zdrojowym", Dz. U. z 2017 r. poz. 2276
  7. ^ "Reservoir Capital Corp.: 20MW Potential Estimated for the Vranjska Banja Geothermal Project". 23 Ocak 2012. Erişim tarihi: 3 Şubat 2012. Arşivlenmesi gereken bağlantıya sahip kaynak şablonu içeren maddeler (link)
  8. ^ Hembry, Phyllis M.; Cowie, Leonard W.; Cowie, Evelyn E. (1997). British Spas From 1815 to the Present: A Social History. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. ss. 15-21. ISBN 0485115026. LCCN 96043104. OCLC 917054559. 
  9. ^ Mather, John D. (2013). "Britain's spa heritage: a hydrogeological appraisal". Duffin, C. J.; Moody, R. T. J.; Gardner-Thorpe, C. (Ed.). A History of Geology and Medicine. Special Publications. 375. Londra: The Geological Society. ss. 243-260. ISBN 978-1862393561. 
  10. ^ "Nostalgia on Tuesday: Village of change". The Yorkshire Post. Leeds. 24 Temmuz 2014. 15 Nisan 2020 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 15 Nisan 2020. 
  11. ^ Smith, Gordon (2013). Askern Spa (2. bas.). Gordon Smith. ISBN 978-1490998336. 
  12. ^ Collyer, Robert; Turner, J. Horsfall (1885). Ilkley: Ancient & Modern (PDF). Otley: WM Walker. Erişim tarihi: 15 Nisan 2020. 
  13. ^ Knight, T. (1835). History of the Dorton Chalybeate (4. bas.). Londra: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman. Erişim tarihi: 15 Nisan 2020. 
  14. ^ Kelly's Directory – Lincolnshire (PDF). Londra: Kelly's Directories Ltd. 1919. ss. 611-614. 16 Ocak 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi (PDF). Erişim tarihi: 14 Nisan 2020. 

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